/*
  TinyEXIF.h -- A simple ISO C++ library to parse basic EXIF and XMP
                information from a JPEG file.

  Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Seacave
  cdc.seacave@gmail.com
  All rights reserved.

  Based on the easyexif library (2013 version)
    https://github.com/mayanklahiri/easyexif
  of Mayank Lahiri (mlahiri@gmail.com).
  
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, 
     this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, 
     this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation 
   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 
  OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 
  OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN 
  NO EVENT SHALL THE FREEBSD PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 
  INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 
  BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 
  DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY 
  OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING 
  NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, 
  EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

#ifndef __TINYEXIF_H__
#define __TINYEXIF_H__

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#define TINYEXIF_NO_XMP_SUPPORT
#define TINYEXIF_MAJOR_VERSION 1
#define TINYEXIF_MINOR_VERSION 0
#define TINYEXIF_PATCH_VERSION 1

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#   ifdef TINYEXIF_EXPORT
#       define TINYEXIF_LIB __declspec(dllexport)
#   elif defined(TINYEXIF_IMPORT)
#       define TINYEXIF_LIB __declspec(dllimport)
#   else
#       define TINYEXIF_LIB
#   endif
#elif __GNUC__ >= 4
#   define TINYEXIF_LIB __attribute__((visibility("default")))
#else
#   define TINYEXIF_LIB
#endif

namespace TinyEXIF {

enum ErrorCode {
	PARSE_SUCCESS           = 0, // Parse EXIF and/or XMP was successful
	PARSE_INVALID_JPEG      = 1, // No JPEG markers found in buffer, possibly invalid JPEG file
	PARSE_UNKNOWN_BYTEALIGN = 2, // Byte alignment specified in EXIF file was unknown (neither Motorola nor Intel)
	PARSE_ABSENT_DATA       = 3, // No EXIF and/or XMP data found in JPEG file
	PARSE_CORRUPT_DATA      = 4, // EXIF and/or XMP header was found, but data was corrupted
};

enum FieldCode {
	FIELD_NA                 = 0, // No EXIF or XMP data
	FIELD_EXIF               = (1 << 0), // EXIF data available
	FIELD_XMP                = (1 << 1), // XMP data available
	FIELD_ALL                = FIELD_EXIF|FIELD_XMP
};

class EntryParser;

//
// Interface class responsible for fetching stream data to be parsed
//
class TINYEXIF_LIB EXIFStream {
public:
	virtual ~EXIFStream() {}

	// Check the state of the stream.
	virtual bool IsValid() const = 0;

	// Return the pointer to the beginning of the desired size buffer
	// following current buffer position.
	virtual const uint8_t* GetBuffer(unsigned desiredLength) = 0;

	// Advance current buffer position with the desired size;
	// return false if stream ends in less than the desired size.
	virtual bool SkipBuffer(unsigned desiredLength) = 0;
};

//
// Class responsible for storing and parsing EXIF & XMP metadata from a JPEG stream
//
class TINYEXIF_LIB EXIFInfo {
public:
	EXIFInfo();
	EXIFInfo(EXIFStream& stream);
	EXIFInfo(std::istream& stream); // NB: the stream must have been opened in binary mode
	EXIFInfo(const uint8_t* data, unsigned length);

	// Parsing function for an entire JPEG image stream.
	//
	// PARAM 'stream': Interface to fetch JPEG image stream.
	// PARAM 'data': A pointer to a JPEG image.
	// PARAM 'length': The length of the JPEG image.
	// RETURN:  PARSE_SUCCESS (0) on success with 'result' filled out
	//          error code otherwise, as defined by the PARSE_* macros
	int parseFrom(EXIFStream& stream);
	int parseFrom(std::istream& stream); // NB: the stream must have been opened in binary mode
	int parseFrom(const uint8_t* data, unsigned length);

	// Parsing function for an EXIF segment. This is used internally by parseFrom()
	// but can be called for special cases where only the EXIF section is 
	// available (i.e., a blob starting with the bytes "Exif\0\0").
	int parseFromEXIFSegment(const uint8_t* buf, unsigned len);

#ifndef TINYEXIF_NO_XMP_SUPPORT
	// Parsing function for an XMP segment. This is used internally by parseFrom()
	// but can be called for special cases where only the XMP section is 
	// available (i.e., a blob starting with the bytes "http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\0").
	int parseFromXMPSegment(const uint8_t* buf, unsigned len);
	int parseFromXMPSegmentXML(const char* szXML, unsigned len);
#endif // TINYEXIF_NO_XMP_SUPPORT

	// Set all data members to default values.
	// Should be called before parsing a new stream.
	void clear();

private:
	// Parse tag as Image IFD.
	void parseIFDImage(EntryParser&, unsigned&, unsigned&);
	// Parse tag as Exif IFD.
	void parseIFDExif(EntryParser&);
	// Parse tag as GPS IFD.
	void parseIFDGPS(EntryParser&);
	// Parse tag as MakerNote IFD.
	void parseIFDMakerNote(EntryParser&);

public:
	// Data fields
	uint32_t Fields;                    // Store if EXIF and/or XMP data fields are available
	uint32_t ImageWidth;                // Image width reported in EXIF data
	uint32_t ImageHeight;               // Image height reported in EXIF data
	uint32_t RelatedImageWidth;         // Original image width reported in EXIF data
	uint32_t RelatedImageHeight;        // Original image height reported in EXIF data
	std::string ImageDescription;       // Image description
	std::string Make;                   // Camera manufacturer's name
	std::string Model;                  // Camera model
	std::string SerialNumber;           // Serial number of the body of the camera
	uint16_t Orientation;               // Image orientation, start of data corresponds to
									    // 0: unspecified in EXIF data
									    // 1: upper left of image
									    // 3: lower right of image
									    // 6: upper right of image
									    // 8: lower left of image
									    // 9: undefined
	double XResolution;                 // Number of pixels per ResolutionUnit in the ImageWidth direction
	double YResolution;                 // Number of pixels per ResolutionUnit in the ImageLength direction
	uint16_t ResolutionUnit;            // Unit of measurement for XResolution and YResolution
									    // 1: no absolute unit of measurement. Used for images that may have a non-square aspect ratio, but no meaningful absolute dimensions
									    // 2: inch
									    // 3: centimeter
	uint16_t BitsPerSample;             // Number of bits per component
	std::string Software;               // Software used
	std::string DateTime;               // File change date and time
	std::string DateTimeOriginal;       // Original file date and time (may not exist)
	std::string DateTimeDigitized;      // Digitization date and time (may not exist)
	std::string SubSecTimeOriginal;     // Sub-second time that original picture was taken
	std::string Copyright;              // File copyright information
	double ExposureTime;                // Exposure time in seconds
	double FNumber;                     // F/stop
	uint16_t ExposureProgram;           // Exposure program
	                                    // 0: not defined
	                                    // 1: manual
	                                    // 2: normal program
	                                    // 3: aperture priority
	                                    // 4: shutter priority
	                                    // 5: creative program
	                                    // 6: action program
	                                    // 7: portrait mode
	                                    // 8: landscape mode
	uint16_t ISOSpeedRatings;           // ISO speed
	double ShutterSpeedValue;           // Shutter speed (reciprocal of exposure time)
	double ApertureValue;               // The lens aperture
	double BrightnessValue;             // The value of brightness
	double ExposureBiasValue;           // Exposure bias value in EV
	double SubjectDistance;             // Distance to focus point in meters
	double FocalLength;                 // Focal length of lens in millimeters
	uint16_t Flash;                     // Flash info
	                                    // Flash used (Flash&1)
	                                    // 0: no flash, >0: flash used
	                                    // Flash returned light status ((Flash & 6) >> 1)
	                                    // 0: no strobe return detection function
	                                    // 1: reserved
	                                    // 2: strobe return light not detected
	                                    // 3: strobe return light detected
	                                    // Flash mode ((Flash & 24) >> 3)
	                                    // 0: unknown
	                                    // 1: compulsory flash firing
	                                    // 2: compulsory flash suppression
	                                    // 3: auto mode
	                                    // Flash function ((Flash & 32) >> 5)
	                                    // 0: flash function present, >0: no flash function
	                                    // Flash red-eye ((Flash & 64) >> 6)
	                                    // 0: no red-eye reduction mode or unknown, >0: red-eye reduction supported
	uint16_t MeteringMode;              // Metering mode
	                                    // 0: unknown
	                                    // 1: average
	                                    // 2: center weighted average
	                                    // 3: spot
	                                    // 4: multi-spot
	                                    // 5: pattern
	                                    // 6: partial
	uint16_t LightSource;               // Kind of light source
	                                    // 0: unknown
	                                    // 1: daylight
	                                    // 2: fluorescent
	                                    // 3: tungsten (incandescent light)
	                                    // 4: flash
	                                    // 9: fine weather
	                                    // 10: cloudy weather
	                                    // 11: shade
	                                    // 12: daylight fluorescent (D 5700 - 7100K)
	                                    // 13: day white fluorescent (N 4600 - 5400K)
	                                    // 14: cool white fluorescent (W 3900 - 4500K)
	                                    // 15: white fluorescent (WW 3200 - 3700K)
	                                    // 17: standard light A
	                                    // 18: standard light B
	                                    // 19: standard light C
										// 20: D55
										// 21: D65
										// 22: D75
										// 23: D50
	                                    // 24: ISO studio tungsten
	uint16_t ProjectionType;            // Projection type
									    // 0: unknown projection
									    // 1: perspective projection
									    // 2: equirectangular/spherical projection
	std::vector<uint16_t> SubjectArea;  // Location and area of the main subject in the overall scene expressed in relation to the upper left as origin, prior to rotation
	                                    // 0: unknown
	                                    // 2: location of the main subject as coordinates (first value is the X coordinate and second is the Y coordinate)
	                                    // 3: area of the main subject as a circle (first value is the center X coordinate, second is the center Y coordinate, and third is the diameter)
	                                    // 4: area of the main subject as a rectangle (first value is the center X coordinate, second is the center Y coordinate, third is the width of the area, and fourth is the height of the area)
	struct TINYEXIF_LIB Calibration_t { // Camera calibration information
		double FocalLength;             // Focal length (pixels)
		double OpticalCenterX;          // Principal point X (pixels)
		double OpticalCenterY;          // Principal point Y (pixels)
	} Calibration;
	struct TINYEXIF_LIB LensInfo_t {    // Lens information
		double FStopMin;                // Min aperture (f-stop)
		double FStopMax;                // Max aperture (f-stop)
		double FocalLengthMin;          // Min focal length (mm)
		double FocalLengthMax;          // Max focal length (mm)
		double DigitalZoomRatio;        // Digital zoom ratio when the image was shot
		double FocalLengthIn35mm;       // Focal length in 35mm film
		double FocalPlaneXResolution;   // Number of pixels in the image width (X) direction per FocalPlaneResolutionUnit on the camera focal plane (may not exist)
		double FocalPlaneYResolution;   // Number of pixels in the image width (Y) direction per FocalPlaneResolutionUnit on the camera focal plane (may not exist)
		uint16_t FocalPlaneResolutionUnit;// Unit for measuring FocalPlaneXResolution and FocalPlaneYResolution (may not exist)
										// 0: unspecified in EXIF data
										// 1: no absolute unit of measurement
										// 2: inch
										// 3: centimeter
		std::string Make;               // Lens manufacturer
		std::string Model;              // Lens model
	} LensInfo;
	struct TINYEXIF_LIB Geolocation_t { // GPS information embedded in file
		double Latitude;                // Image latitude expressed as decimal
		double Longitude;               // Image longitude expressed as decimal
		double Altitude;                // Altitude in meters, relative to sea level
		int8_t AltitudeRef;             // 0: above sea level, -1: below sea level
		double RelativeAltitude;        // Relative altitude in meters
		double RollDegree;              // Flight roll in degrees
		double PitchDegree;             // Flight pitch in degrees
		double YawDegree;               // Flight yaw in degrees
		double SpeedX;                  // Flight speed on X in meters/second
		double SpeedY;                  // Flight speed on Y in meters/second
		double SpeedZ;                  // Flight speed on Z in meters/second
		double AccuracyXY;              // GPS accuracy on XY in meters
		double AccuracyZ;               // GPS accuracy on Z in meters
		double GPSDOP;                  // GPS DOP (data degree of precision)
		uint16_t GPSDifferential;       // Differential correction applied to the GPS receiver (may not exist)
										// 0: measurement without differential correction
										// 1: differential correction applied 
		std::string GPSMapDatum;        // Geodetic survey data (may not exist)
		std::string GPSTimeStamp;       // Time as UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) (may not exist)
		std::string GPSDateStamp;       // A character string recording date and time information relative to UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) YYYY:MM:DD (may not exist)
		struct Coord_t {
			double degrees;
			double minutes;
			double seconds;
			uint8_t direction;
		} LatComponents, LonComponents; // Latitude/Longitude expressed in deg/min/sec
		void parseCoords();             // Convert Latitude/Longitude from deg/min/sec to decimal
		bool hasLatLon() const;         // Return true if (lat,lon) is available
		bool hasAltitude() const;       // Return true if (alt) is available
		bool hasRelativeAltitude()const;// Return true if (rel_alt) is available
		bool hasOrientation() const;    // Return true if (roll,yaw,pitch) is available
		bool hasSpeed() const;          // Return true if (speedX,speedY,speedZ) is available
	} GeoLocation;
	struct TINYEXIF_LIB GPano_t {           // Spherical metadata. https://developers.google.com/streetview/spherical-metadata
		double PosePitchDegrees;        // Pitch, measured in degrees above the horizon, for the center in the image. Value must be >= -90 and <= 90.
		double PoseRollDegrees;         // Roll, measured in degrees, of the image where level with the horizon is 0. As roll increases, the horizon rotates counterclockwise in the image. Value must be > -180 and <= 180.
		bool hasPosePitchDegrees() const; // Return true if PosePitchDegrees is available
		bool hasPoseRollDegrees() const; // Return true if PoseRollDegrees is available
	} GPano;
	struct TINYEXIF_LIB MicroVideo_t {      // Google camera video file in metadata
		uint32_t HasMicroVideo;         // not zero if exists
		uint32_t MicroVideoVersion;     // just regularinfo
		uint32_t MicroVideoOffset;      // offset from end of file
	} MicroVideo;
};

} // namespace TinyEXIF

#endif // __TINYEXIF_H__